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Crafts in the Harappan cities

Let us look at some of the objects that were made and found in Harappan cities. Most of the things that have been found by archaeologists are made of stone, shell and metal, including copper, bronze,gold and silver. Copper and bronze were used to make tools, weapons, ornaments and vessels.Gold and silver were used to make ornaments and vessels.Perhaps the most striking finds are those of beads, weights, and blades. The Harappa also made seals out of stone.These are generally rectangular and usually have an animal carved on them. The Harappans also made pots with beautiful black designs, Cotton was probably grown at Mehrgarh from about 7000 years ago. Actual pieces of cloth were found attached to the lid of a silver vase and some copper objects at Mohenjodaro. Archaeologists have also found spindle whorls, made of terracotta and faience. These were used to spin thread. Many of the things that were produced were probably the work of specialists. A specialist is a person who is trained to do only one kind of work,for example, cutting stone, or polishing beads, or carving seals.Not everybody could have been a specialist. We do not know whether only men were specialists or only women were specialists. Perhaps some women and men may have been specialists.

Raw materials:-Raw materials are substances that are either found naturally (such as wood, or ores of metals) or produced by farmers or herders. These are then processed to produce finished goods. For example,cotton, produced by farmers, is a raw  material that may be processed to make cloth. While some of the raw materials that the Harappans used were available locally, many items such as copper, tin,gold, silver and precious stones had to be brought from distant places. The Harappans probably got copper from present-day Rajasthan, and even from Oman in West Asia. Tin, which was mixed with copper to produce bronze, may have been brought from present-day Afghanistan and Iran. Gold could have come all the way from present-day Karnataka, and precious stones from present-day Gujarat, Iran and Afghanistan.
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